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[[Image:Rtap.gif|250px|thumb|left|'''Human''' activity profile for r-DNA/GE/GM R (Regular)/Neutral insulin. See links for dog activity.]] |
[[Image:Rtap.gif|250px|thumb|left|'''Human''' activity profile for r-DNA/GE/GM R (Regular)/Neutral insulin. See links for dog activity.]] |
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| − | While both R/neutral and [[semilente]] insulins are considered [[:Category:Fast-acting|fast-acting]], they differ in a few ways. As above, there's no [[suspension]] or buffer <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> in R/neutral; it's totally dissolved and [[soluble]], meaning it can safely be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_YES|intravenously]]. <ref>{{cite web|title=Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology|author=Maddison, Jill E.,Page, Stephen W.,Church, David B.|year=2008|publisher=Saunders Ltd.|isbn=0702028584|page=510|url=http://www.amazon.com/Animal-Clinical-Pharmacology-Maddison-DipVetClinStud/dp/0702028584/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1296451134&sr=1-1}}</ref> |
+ | While both R/neutral and [[semilente]] insulins are considered [[:Category:Fast-acting|fast-acting]], they differ in a few ways. As above, there's no [[suspension]] or buffer <ref name=Auburn>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> in R/neutral; it's totally dissolved and [[soluble]], meaning it can safely be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_YES|intravenously]]. <ref>{{cite web|title=Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology|author=Maddison, Jill E.,Page, Stephen W.,Church, David B.|year=2008|publisher=Saunders Ltd.|isbn=0702028584|page=510|url=http://www.amazon.com/Animal-Clinical-Pharmacology-Maddison-DipVetClinStud/dp/0702028584/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1296451134&sr=1-1}}</ref> |
| − | The very small insulin particles in semilente insulin are suspended by [[Suspension#Zinc_suspension_insulins|zinc]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> Semilente is [[cloudy]], has an acetate buffer and cannot be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_NO|intravenously]]. |
+ | The very small insulin particles in semilente insulin are suspended by [[Suspension#Zinc_suspension_insulins|zinc]]. <ref name=Auburn>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> Semilente is [[cloudy]], has an acetate buffer and cannot be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_NO|intravenously]]. |
| − | R/Neutral insulin cannot be reliably mixed with [[Lente]] or [[Ultralente]] insulins. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?itool=abstractplus&db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=abstractplus&list_uids=7192205 |title=Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente |author=Deckert, T.|year=1980|publisher=Diabetes Care}}<br>Note--in 1980, there were no [[r-DNA/GE/GM]] insulins </ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080526072116/http://www.diabetes.org/rg2005/insulin.jsp |title=Resource Guide |year=2005|publisher=American Diabetes Association}}</ref> Semilente can; the ratio of 3 parts [[semilente]] insulin to 7 parts [[ultralente]] insulin produces [[Lente]] insulin. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> |
+ | R/Neutral insulin cannot be reliably mixed with [[Lente]] or [[Ultralente]] insulins. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?itool=abstractplus&db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=abstractplus&list_uids=7192205 |title=Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente |author=Deckert, T.|year=1980|publisher=Diabetes Care}}<br>Note--in 1980, there were no [[r-DNA/GE/GM]] insulins </ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080526072116/http://www.diabetes.org/rg2005/insulin.jsp |title=Resource Guide |year=2005|publisher=American Diabetes Association}}</ref> Semilente can; the ratio of 3 parts [[semilente]] insulin to 7 parts [[ultralente]] insulin produces [[Lente]] insulin. <ref name=Auburn>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> |
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==R/Neutral Insulins== |
==R/Neutral Insulins== |
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Latest revision as of 23:24, 23 May 2012
| Humulin S | |
|---|---|
| R, Neutral by Eli Lilly | |
| short-acting | |
| r-DNA/GE/GM | |
| U40, U100 | none |
Action in dogs:
| |
| Line: Humulin | |
| Also known as: Huminsulin Normal Humulin C, Humulin R, Humuline R Humuline Regular, Humulin Regular Humulina Regular, Humulin ReliOn R Umuline Rapide, Umuline Regular | |
| Similar to: Insuman Rapid, Winthrop Rapid Actrapid, Novolin R, ReliOn/Novolin R Names of Lilly r-DNA/GE/GM insulins worldwide | |
| Use and Handling: | |
| Shelf Life: 24 months | Type: soluble, clear |
| When Opened: 28 days room temp. | |
| In Pen: 28 days room temp. | |
| Notes: Protect from light and heat Do Not Freeze, May be used intravenously | |
Humulin S-a fast-acting, neutral, soluble insulin. Note package similarity of comparable insulin Insuman Rapid.
UK brand name for Lilly's short-acting r-DNA/GE/GM human insulin. [2][3][4][5]
The "S" in the product's name is an abbreviation for "soluble".
It's known in North America as Humulin R, [6][7] elsewhere as Huminsulin Normal, and can also be referred to as Toronto insulin instead of the R classification.
Both Novo Nordisk [8] and Aventis produce comparable insulins.
Novo's names for them are Actrapid [9][10][11] and Novolin R; Aventis' is Insuman Rapid [12][13] and Winthrop Rapid.
Like all R or neutral insulins, nothing is added (suspensions) to alter the insulin's action or speed. [14]
A short-acting, soluble, non-suspended insulin produced from r-DNA/GE/GM, bovine, or porcine sources. From 1921 to the 1930's when PZI was developed, R was the only kind of insulin available.
Human activity profile for r-DNA/GE/GM R (Regular)/Neutral insulin. See links for dog activity.
While both R/neutral and semilente insulins are considered fast-acting, they differ in a few ways. As above, there's no suspension or buffer [15] in R/neutral; it's totally dissolved and soluble, meaning it can safely be used intravenously. [16]
The very small insulin particles in semilente insulin are suspended by zinc. [15] Semilente is cloudy, has an acetate buffer and cannot be used intravenously.
R/Neutral insulin cannot be reliably mixed with Lente or Ultralente insulins. [17][18] Semilente can; the ratio of 3 parts semilente insulin to 7 parts ultralente insulin produces Lente insulin. [15]
R/Neutral Insulins[]
|
R/Neutral Insulins | |
|---|---|
|
All Short acting All soluble |
| Hypurin Bovine Neutral Betasint Bovine Corriente | |
| Iletin R (No longer produced.) Hypurin Vet Neutral (No longer produced.) Insuvet Neutral (No longer produced.) | |
| Iletin I R (No longer produced.) | |
| Betasint Porcine Corriente Hypurin Porcine Neutral Hypurin Pork Regular Maxirapid CHO | |
| Pork Actrapid (No longer produced.) Iletin II R (No longer produced.) Leo Neutral (No longer produced.) | |
| Actrapid, Huminsulin Normal Humulin C, Humulin R Humulin Regular, Humulina Regular Humuline R, Humuline Regular Humulin S, Insuman Rapid Novolin R, Umuline Rapide Umuline Regular, Winthrop Rapid Humulin ReliOn R | |
| R-DNA | ReliOn/Novolin R (No longer produced.) |
References[]
- ↑ Insulins. North American Veterinary Conference Clinicians Brief (2006).
- ↑ Patient Information Leaflet-Humulin S. Eli Lilly.
- ↑ Humulin S Prescribing Information.
- ↑ Lilly EU/UK Product Sheet & Time Activity Profiles. Eli Lilly.
- ↑ Humulin S. Medguides UK.
- ↑ Humulin R patient leaflet. Eli Lilly.
- ↑ Humulin R Regular Human Insulin. Revolution Health.
- ↑ Novolin R. Revolution Health.
- ↑ Patient Information Leaflet-Actrapid. Novo Nordisk.
- ↑ Scientific Discussion-Actrapid. EMEA.
- ↑ Prescribing Novo Insulins.
- ↑ Patient information Leaflet-Insuman Rapid. Sanofi-Aventis.
- ↑ Prescribing Insuman Insulins.
- ↑ Humulin R patient leaflet. Eli Lilly.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 DeRuiter, Jack. Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin. Auburn University. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Auburn" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Auburn" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Maddison, Jill E.,Page, Stephen W.,Church, David B. (2008). Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology. Saunders Ltd..
- ↑ Deckert, T. (1980). Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente. Diabetes Care.
Note--in 1980, there were no r-DNA/GE/GM insulins - ↑ Resource Guide. American Diabetes Association (2005).
More Information[]
- NACDS-Insulin Chart-Page 2
- Leeds NHS UK Insulin Guide
- Insulin therapy for dogs and cats Dowling, Patricia, September 1995, Canadian Veterinary Journal
A discussion of regular/neutral/normal insulins.
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