Changes: Humulin S

Latest revision as of 23:24, 23 May 2012

Humulin S
R, Neutral by Eli Lilly
short-acting
r-DNA/GE/GM
U40, U100	none
Action in dogs: onset 10-30 minutes, peak 1-5h, duration 4-10h ^[1]
Line: Humulin
Also known as: Huminsulin Normal Humulin C, Humulin R, Humuline R Humuline Regular, Humulin Regular Humulina Regular, Humulin ReliOn R Umuline Rapide, Umuline Regular
Similar to: Insuman Rapid, Winthrop Rapid Actrapid, Novolin R, ReliOn/Novolin R Names of Lilly r-DNA/GE/GM insulins worldwide
Use and Handling:
Shelf Life: 24 months	Type: soluble, clear
When Opened: 28 days room temp.
In Pen: 28 days room temp.
Notes: Protect from light and heat Do Not Freeze, May be used intravenously

21944f — Humulin S-a fast-acting, neutral, soluble insulin. Note package similarity of comparable insulin Insuman Rapid.

UK brand name for Lilly's short-acting r-DNA/GE/GM human insulin. ^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

The "S" in the product's name is an abbreviation for "soluble".

It's known in North America as Humulin R, ^[6]^[7] elsewhere as Huminsulin Normal, and can also be referred to as Toronto insulin instead of the R classification.

Both Novo Nordisk ^[8] and Aventis produce comparable insulins.

Novo's names for them are Actrapid ^[9]^[10]^[11] and Novolin R; Aventis' is Insuman Rapid ^[12]^[13] and Winthrop Rapid.

Like all R or neutral insulins, nothing is added (suspensions) to alter the insulin's action or speed. ^[14]

A short-acting, soluble, non-suspended insulin produced from r-DNA/GE/GM, bovine, or porcine sources. From 1921 to the 1930's when PZI was developed, R was the only kind of insulin available.

Rtap — **Human** activity profile for r-DNA/GE/GM R (Regular)/Neutral insulin. See links for dog activity.

While both R/neutral and semilente insulins are considered fast-acting, they differ in a few ways. As above, there's no suspension or buffer ^[15] in R/neutral; it's totally dissolved and soluble, meaning it can safely be used intravenously. ^[16]

The very small insulin particles in semilente insulin are suspended by zinc. ^[15] Semilente is cloudy, has an acetate buffer and cannot be used intravenously.

R/Neutral insulin cannot be reliably mixed with Lente or Ultralente insulins. ^[17]^[18] Semilente can; the ratio of 3 parts semilente insulin to 7 parts ultralente insulin produces Lente insulin. ^[15]

R/Neutral Insulins[]

R/Neutral Insulins
	All Short acting All soluble
Bovine/Beef	Hypurin Bovine Neutral Betasint Bovine Corriente
Bovine/Beef	Iletin R (No longer produced.) Hypurin Vet Neutral (No longer produced.) Insuvet Neutral (No longer produced.)
Bovine/Beef Porcine/Pork	Iletin I R (No longer produced.)
Porcine/Pork	Betasint Porcine Corriente Hypurin Porcine Neutral Hypurin Pork Regular Maxirapid CHO
Porcine/Pork	Pork Actrapid (No longer produced.) Iletin II R (No longer produced.) Leo Neutral (No longer produced.)
R-DNA	Actrapid, Huminsulin Normal Humulin C, Humulin R Humulin Regular, Humulina Regular Humuline R, Humuline Regular Humulin S, Insuman Rapid Novolin R, Umuline Rapide Umuline Regular, Winthrop Rapid Humulin ReliOn R
R-DNA	ReliOn/Novolin R (No longer produced.)

References[]

↑ Insulins. North American Veterinary Conference Clinicians Brief (2006).
↑ Patient Information Leaflet-Humulin S. Eli Lilly.
↑ Humulin S Prescribing Information.
↑ Lilly EU/UK Product Sheet & Time Activity Profiles. Eli Lilly.
↑ Humulin S. Medguides UK.
↑ Humulin R patient leaflet. Eli Lilly.
↑ Humulin R Regular Human Insulin. Revolution Health.
↑ Novolin R. Revolution Health.
↑ Patient Information Leaflet-Actrapid. Novo Nordisk.
↑ Scientific Discussion-Actrapid. EMEA.
↑ Prescribing Novo Insulins.
↑ Patient information Leaflet-Insuman Rapid. Sanofi-Aventis.
↑ Prescribing Insuman Insulins.
↑ Humulin R patient leaflet. Eli Lilly.
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 DeRuiter, Jack. Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin. Auburn University. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Auburn" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Auburn" defined multiple times with different content
↑ Maddison, Jill E.,Page, Stephen W.,Church, David B. (2008). Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology. Saunders Ltd..
↑ Deckert, T. (1980). Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente. Diabetes Care.
Note--in 1980, there were no r-DNA/GE/GM insulins
↑ Resource Guide. American Diabetes Association (2005).

More Information[]

NACDS-Insulin Chart-Page 2
Leeds NHS UK Insulin Guide
Insulin therapy for dogs and cats Dowling, Patricia, September 1995, Canadian Veterinary Journal
A discussion of regular/neutral/normal insulins.

		Related Pages

Novolin R	Humulin R	Winthrop Rapid	Insuman Rapid	Actrapid

[1] Insulins. North American Veterinary Conference Clinicians Brief (2006).

[2] Patient Information Leaflet-Humulin S. Eli Lilly.

[3] Humulin S Prescribing Information.

[4] Lilly EU/UK Product Sheet & Time Activity Profiles. Eli Lilly.

[5] Humulin S. Medguides UK.

[6] Humulin R patient leaflet. Eli Lilly.

[7] Humulin R Regular Human Insulin. Revolution Health.

[8] Novolin R. Revolution Health.

[9] Patient Information Leaflet-Actrapid. Novo Nordisk.

[10] Scientific Discussion-Actrapid. EMEA.

[11] Prescribing Novo Insulins.

[12] Patient information Leaflet-Insuman Rapid. Sanofi-Aventis.

[13] Prescribing Insuman Insulins.

[14] Humulin R patient leaflet. Eli Lilly.

[Auburn-15] 15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 DeRuiter, Jack. Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin. Auburn University. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Auburn" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Auburn" defined multiple times with different content

[16] Maddison, Jill E.,Page, Stephen W.,Church, David B. (2008). Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology. Saunders Ltd..

[17] Deckert, T. (1980). Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente. Diabetes Care.
Note--in 1980, there were no r-DNA/GE/GM insulins

[18] Resource Guide. American Diabetes Association (2005).

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{|class="wikitable"  align="right" width="300"  bgcolor="powderblue"|
-{{Insulin|
+! colspan="2" style="background:#cae1ff; width:300px;font-size:10pt" | Humulin S
-bgcolor=#d1eeee|
+|-
-fgcolor=#000080|
+| colspan="2" style="background:aliceblue; width:300px; text-align:center;font-size:9pt" |[[R]], [[Neutral]] by [[Eli Lilly]]
-name=Humulin S|
+|-
-generic=[[R]],[[Neutral]]|
+|colspan="2" style="background:#bcd2ee; width:300px; text-align:center;font-size:9pt"|[[short-acting]]
-mfg=[[Eli Lilly]]|
+|-
-|- align="center" style="background:#cae1ff;border-bottom:3px solid grey;"|
+| colspan="2" style="background:#bcd2ee; width:300px; text-align:center;font-size:9pt"|[[r-DNA/GE/GM]]
-action=[[short-acting]]|
+|-
-origin=[[r-DNA/GE/GM]]|
+! colspan="1" style="background:#bcd2ee; width:150px; text-align:center;font-size:9pt" | U40, U100
-strength=U100|
+|colspan="1" style="background:#bcd2ee; width:150px;text-align:center;font-size:9pt"|'''none'''
-suspension=none|
+|-
-line=[[Humulin ]]|
+|colspan="2" style="background:aliceblue; width:300px;font-size:9pt; text-align:left" | '''Action in dogs:'''
-aliases=[[Humulin R]], [[Huminsulin Normal]], [[Humulin Regular]], [[Umuline Rapide]]<br>[http://images3.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20100602042136/diabetesindogs/images/2/23/WW_Humuline.pdf Names of Lilly r-DNA/GE/GM insulins worldwide]|
-similar=&nbsp;
-*[[Novolin R]],
-*[[Actrapid]],
-*[[ReliOn/Novolin R]],
-*[[Insuman Rapid]]
-*[[Winthrop Rapid]]|
-dogaction=&nbsp;
 *onset 10-30 minutes,
 *peak 1-5h,
-*duration 4-10h<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20061101114701/http://www.cliniciansbrief.com/cms/portals/_default/pdfs/capsules/Jan_05_Cap11.pdf Insulins-North American Veterinary Conference-2005]</ref>|
+*duration 4-10h <ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20061101114701/http://www.cliniciansbrief.com/cms/portals/_default/pdfs/capsules/Jan_05_Cap11.pdf |title=Insulins|year=2006|publisher=North American Veterinary Conference Clinicians Brief}}</ref>
+|-
-cloudyorsoluble=[[soluble]]|
+| colspan="2" style="background:aliceblue; width:300px;font-size:9pt; text-align:left" | '''Line:''' [[Humulin]]
-shelflife= 24 months|
+|-
-openedlife= 28 days room temp.|
+| colspan="2" style="background:aliceblue; width:300px; font-size:9pt;text-align:left"| '''Also known as:''' [[Huminsulin Normal]]<br> [[Humulin C]],&nbsp;[[Humulin R]], [[Humuline R]]<br> [[Humuline Regular]], [[Humulin Regular]]<br> [[Humulina Regular]],&nbsp;[[Humulin ReliOn R]]<br> [[Umuline Rapide]], [[Umuline Regular]]
-penlife= 28 days room temp.|
+|-
-handlingnotes=&nbsp;
+| colspan="2" style="background:aliceblue; width:300px;font-size:9pt;text-align:left"| '''Similar to:''' [[Insuman Rapid]], [[Winthrop Rapid]]<br> [[Actrapid]], [[Novolin R]], [[ReliOn/Novolin R]]<br><br>[http://images3.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20100602042136/diabetesindogs/images/2/23/WW_Humuline.pdf Names of Lilly r-DNA/GE/GM insulins worldwide]
-*protect from light and heat
+|-
-*Do Not Freeze
+| colspan="2" style="background:#cae1ff; width:300px;text-align:center;font-size:9pt" | '''Use and Handling:'''
-*May be used [[intravenously]]
+|-
-}}
+| colspan="1" style="background:aliceblue; width:150px;font-size:9pt;text-align:left"| '''Shelf Life:''' 24 months
+|colspan="1" style="background:aliceblue; width:150px;font-size:9pt;text-align:left" | '''Type:''' [[soluble]], [[clear]]
+|-
+|colspan="2"  style="background:aliceblue; width:300px;font-size:9pt;text-align:left" | '''When Opened:''' 28 days room temp.
+|-
+|colspan="2"  style="background:aliceblue; width:300px;font-size:9pt;text-align:left"| '''In Pen:''' 28 days room temp.
+|-
+|colspan="2" style="background:aliceblue; width:300px;font-size:9pt;text-align:left" | '''Notes:''' Protect from light and heat<br> Do Not Freeze,<br>May be used [[intravenously]]
+|}
+[[Image:21944f.png|200px|thumb|left|Humulin S-a fast-acting, neutral, soluble insulin. Note package similarity of comparable insulin [[Insuman Rapid]].]]
+<br clear=left>
-[[Image:21944f.png|thumb|left|200px|Humulin S-a fast-acting, neutral, soluble insulin.]]<br clear=left>UK brand name for Lilly's short-acting r-DNA/GE/GM human insulin<ref>[http://emc.medicines.org.uk/emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?documentid=13402 Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC) UK Patient Information Leaflet-Humulin S]</ref><ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084240/http://www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Humulin_S.htm Humulin S Prescribing Information]</ref><ref>[http://www.yorkshirediabetes.com/downloads/1071_LLY_Diabetes_RangeChar.pdf Lilly EU/UK Product Sheet & Time Activity Profiles]</ref><ref>[http://medguides.medicines.org.uk/document.aspx?name=Humulin%20S&use=Diabetes Humulin S-Medguides UK]</ref>.
+UK brand name for Lilly's short-acting r-DNA/GE/GM human insulin. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://emc.medicines.org.uk/emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?documentid=13402 |title=Patient Information Leaflet-Humulin S|publisher=Eli Lilly}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084240/http://www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Humulin_S.htm|title= Humulin S Prescribing Information}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yorkshirediabetes.com/downloads/1071_LLY_Diabetes_RangeChar.pdf|title= Lilly EU/UK Product Sheet & Time Activity Profiles|publisher=Eli Lilly}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://medguides.medicines.org.uk/document.aspx?name=Humulin%20S&use=Diabetes |title=Humulin S|publisher=Medguides UK}}</ref>
 The "S" in the product's name is an abbreviation for "[[soluble]]".
-It's known in North America as [[Humulin R]]<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20061010214428/http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2003/18780scm078,slr067_Humalog_lbl.pdf FDA-Humulin R]</ref><ref>[http://www.revolutionhealth.com/drugs-treatments/humulin-r Humulin R Regular Human Insulin]</ref>, elsewhere as [[Huminsulin Normal]], and can also be referred to as [[Toronto insulin]] instead of the [[R]] classification.
+It's known in North America as [[Humulin R]], <ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20061010214428/http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2003/18780scm078,slr067_Humalog_lbl.pdf |title=Humulin R patient leaflet|publisher=Eli Lilly}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.revolutionhealth.com/drugs-treatments/humulin-r |title=Humulin R Regular Human Insulin|publisher=Revolution Health}}</ref> elsewhere as [[Huminsulin Normal]], and can also be referred to as [[Toronto insulin]] instead of the [[R]] classification.
-Both [[Novo Nordisk]]<ref>[http://www.revolutionhealth.com/drugs-treatments/novolin-r Novolin R]</ref> and [[Aventis]] produce comparable insulins.
+Both [[Novo Nordisk]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.revolutionhealth.com/drugs-treatments/novolin-r|title= Novolin R|publisher=Revolution Health}}</ref> and [[Aventis]] produce comparable insulins.
-Novo's names for them are [[Actrapid]]<ref>[http://emc.medicines.org.uk/emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?documentid=15204 Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC) UK-Patient Information Leaflet-Actrapid]</ref><ref>[http://www.emea.europa.eu/humandocs/PDFs/EPAR/actrapid/204302en6.pdf EMEA Scientific Discussion-Actrapid]</ref><ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084240/http://www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Novo_insulins.htm Prescribing Novo Insulins]</ref> and [[Novolin R]]; [[Aventis]]' is [[Insuman Rapid]]<ref>[http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/diabetesindogs/images/8/82/Insuman_Rapid_patient_info_leaflet.pdf Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC) UK-Patient information Leaflet-Insuman Rapid]</ref><ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084240/http://www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Insuman_insulins.htm Prescribing Insuman Insulins]</ref> and [[Winthrop Rapid]].
+Novo's names for them are [[Actrapid]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://emc.medicines.org.uk/emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?documentid=15204 |title=Patient Information Leaflet-Actrapid|publisher=Novo Nordisk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Scientific_Discussion/human/000424/WC500021655.pdf|title=Scientific Discussion-Actrapid|publisher=EMEA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084240/http://www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Novo_insulins.htm |title=Prescribing Novo Insulins}}</ref> and [[Novolin R]]; [[Aventis]]' is [[Insuman Rapid]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/diabetesindogs/images/8/82/Insuman_Rapid_patient_info_leaflet.pdf |title=Patient information Leaflet-Insuman Rapid|publisher=Sanofi-Aventis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084240/http://www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Insuman_insulins.htm |title=Prescribing Insuman Insulins}}</ref> and [[Winthrop Rapid]].
-Like all R or [[neutral]] insulins, nothing is added (suspensions) to alter the insulin's action or speed<ref>[http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2003/18780scm078,slr067_Humalog_lbl.pdf FDA-Humulin R]</ref>.
+Like all R or [[neutral]] insulins, nothing is added (suspensions) to alter the insulin's action or speed. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20061010214428/http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2003/18780scm078,slr067_Humalog_lbl.pdf |title=Humulin R patient leaflet|publisher=Eli Lilly}}</ref>
 A [[short-acting]], soluble, non-suspended insulin produced from [[r-DNA/GE/GM]], [[bovine]], or [[porcine]] sources. From 1921 to the 1930's when PZI was developed, R was the only kind of insulin available.
+[[Image:Rtap.gif|250px|thumb|left|'''Human''' activity profile for r-DNA/GE/GM R (Regular)/Neutral insulin. See links for dog activity.]]
-[[Image:Rtap.gif|thumb|250px|left|'''Human''' activity profile for r-DNA/GE/GM R (Regular)/Neutral insulin. See links for dog activity.]]While both R/neutral and [[semilente]] insulins are considered [[:Category:Fast-acting|fast-acting]], they differ in a few ways. As above, there's no [[suspension]] or buffer<ref>[http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf Auburn University:Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin]</ref> in R/neutral; it's totally dissolved and [[soluble]], meaning it can safely be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_YES|intravenously]].
+While both R/neutral and [[semilente]] insulins are considered [[:Category:Fast-acting|fast-acting]], they differ in a few ways. As above, there's no [[suspension]] or buffer <ref name=Auburn>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> in R/neutral; it's totally dissolved and [[soluble]], meaning it can safely be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_YES|intravenously]]. <ref>{{cite web|title=Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology|author=Maddison, Jill E.,Page, Stephen W.,Church, David B.|year=2008|publisher=Saunders Ltd.|isbn=0702028584|page=510|url=http://www.amazon.com/Animal-Clinical-Pharmacology-Maddison-DipVetClinStud/dp/0702028584/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1296451134&sr=1-1}}</ref>
-The very small insulin particles in semilente insulin are suspended by [[Suspension#Zinc_suspension_insulins|zinc]]<ref>[http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf Auburn University: Insulin Preparations-Lente]</ref>. Semilente is [[cloudy]], has an acetate buffer and cannot be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_NO|intravenously]].
+The very small insulin particles in semilente insulin are suspended by [[Suspension#Zinc_suspension_insulins|zinc]]. <ref name=Auburn>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> Semilente is [[cloudy]], has an acetate buffer and cannot be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_NO|intravenously]].
-R/Neutral insulin cannot be reliably mixed with [[Lente]] or [[Ultralente]] insulins<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?itool=abstractplus&db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=abstractplus&list_uids=7192205 Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente Diabetes Care-1980]<br>Note--in 1980, there was only [[bovine|beef]] Lente-type insulin--no [[porcine|pork]] or [[r-DNA/GE/GM]][[Lente]] insulins</ref><ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20080526072116/http://www.diabetes.org/rg2005/insulin.jsp Resource Guide 2005-American Diabetes Association]</ref>. Semilente can; the ratio of 3 parts [[semilente]] insulin to 7 parts [[ultralente]] insulin produces [[Lente]] insulin<ref>[http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf Auburn University: insulin Preparations-Lente Insulin]</ref>.
+R/Neutral insulin cannot be reliably mixed with [[Lente]] or [[Ultralente]] insulins. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?itool=abstractplus&db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=abstractplus&list_uids=7192205 |title=Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente |author=Deckert, T.|year=1980|publisher=Diabetes Care}}<br>Note--in 1980, there were no [[r-DNA/GE/GM]] insulins </ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080526072116/http://www.diabetes.org/rg2005/insulin.jsp |title=Resource Guide |year=2005|publisher=American Diabetes Association}}</ref> Semilente can; the ratio of 3 parts [[semilente]] insulin to 7 parts [[ultralente]] insulin produces [[Lente]] insulin. <ref name=Auburn>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref>
 <br clear=both>
 ==R/Neutral Insulins==
-{| align=center width="500" border="1" style="background:powderblue;" |
+{|class="collapsible collapsed" align=center width="500" border="1" style="background:powderblue;" |
-! colspan=2 align="center" style="background:powderblue;"|
+! colspan=2 align="center" style="background:#BCD2EE;"|
 '''R/Neutral Insulins'''
 |-
 ! width="200" align="center" style="background:lightcyan;"|[[Image:Short_acting.jpg|200px]]
-!width="300" align="center" style="background:lightcyan;"|All [[:Category:Short-acting|Short acting]]<br> All [[soluble]]
+!width="300" align="center" style="background:#cae1ff;"|All [[:Category:Short-acting|Short acting]]<br> All [[soluble]]
 |-
-! width="200"align="center" style="background:lightblue;"|
+! width="200"align="center" style="background:aliceblue;"|
 [[Bovine]]/[[Beef]]
-!!width="300" align="center" style="background:azure;"|[[Hypurin Bovine Neutral]], [[Insuvet Neutral]]<br>[[Betasint Bovine Corriente]]
+!!width="300" align="center" style="background:ivory;"|[[Hypurin Bovine Neutral]]<br>[[Betasint Bovine Corriente]]
 |-
-! width="200"align="center" style="background:lightblue;"|
+! width="200"align="center" style="background:aliceblue;"|
 [[Bovine]]/[[Beef]]
-!!width="300" align="center" style="background:#CCC"|[[Iletin R]] (No longer produced.)<br>[[Hypurin Vet Neutral]] (No longer produced.)
+!!width="300" align="center" style="background:#dcdcdc;"|[[Iletin R]] (No longer produced.)<br>[[Hypurin Vet Neutral]] (No longer produced.)<br>[[Insuvet Neutral]] (No longer produced.)
 |-
-! width="200"align="center" style="background:lightblue;"|
+! width="200"align="center" style="background:aliceblue;"|
 [[Bovine]]/[[Beef]]<br />[[Porcine]]/[[Pork]]
-!!width="300" align="center" style="background:#CCC"|[[Iletin I R]] (No longer produced.)
+!!width="300" align="center" style="background:#dcdcdc;"|[[Iletin I R]] (No longer produced.)
 |-
-! width="200"align="center" style="background:lightblue;"|
+! width="200"align="center" style="background:aliceblue;"|
 [[Porcine]]/[[Pork]]
-!!width="300" align="center" style="background:azure;"|[[Hypurin Porcine Neutral]]<br>[[Hypurin Pork Regular]]<br>[[Betasint Porcine Corriente]], [[Maxirapid CHO]]
+!!width="300" align="center" style="background:ivory;"|[[Betasint Porcine Corriente]]<br>[[Hypurin Porcine Neutral]]<br>[[Hypurin Pork Regular]]<br>[[Maxirapid CHO]]
 |-
-! width="200"align="center" style="background:lightblue;"|
+! width="200"align="center" style="background:aliceblue;"|
 [[Porcine]]/[[Pork]]
-!width="300" align="center" style="background:#CCC;"|[[Pork Actrapid]] (No longer produced.)<br>[[Iletin II R]] (No longer produced.)
+!width="300" align="center" style="background:#dcdcdc;"|[[Pork Actrapid]] (No longer produced.)<br>[[Iletin II R]] (No longer produced.)<br>[[Leo Neutral]] (No longer produced.)
 |-
-! width="200"align="center" style="background:lightblue;"|
+! width="200"align="center" style="background:aliceblue;"|
 [[R-DNA]]
-!!width="300" align="center" style="background:azure;"|[[Humulin R]], [[Humulin S]], [[Insuman Rapid]]<br>[[Actrapid]], [[Novolin R]], [[ReliOn/Novolin R]]<br>[[Winthrop Rapid]], [[Huminsulin Normal]]<br>[[Humulin Regular]]<br>[[Umuline Rapide]]
+!width="300" align="center" style="background:ivory;"|[[Actrapid]], [[Huminsulin Normal]]<br>[[Humulin C]],  [[Humulin R]]<br>[[Humulin Regular]], [[Humulina Regular]]<br>[[Humuline R]], [[Humuline Regular]]<br> [[Humulin S]],  [[Insuman Rapid]]<br>[[Novolin R]],  [[Umuline Rapide]]<br> [[Umuline Regular]],  [[Winthrop Rapid]]<br>[[Humulin ReliOn R]]
+|-
+!width="200" align="center" style="background:aliceblue;"|[[R-DNA]]
+!width="300" slign="center" style="background:#dcdcdc;"|[[ReliOn/Novolin R]] (No longer produced.)
 |}
 ==References==
+{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
-<references/>
 ==More Information==
-*[http://www.nacdsfoundation.org/user-assets/documents/PDF/chainpracticememos/020103cppm.pdf NACDS-Insulin Chart-Page 2]
+*[http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20100821055615/diabetesindogs/images/0/0a/NACDS_insulin_chart.pdf NACDS-Insulin Chart-Page 2]
 *[http://www.leedsth.nhs.uk/sites/diabetes/insular/InsulinGuide.php Leeds NHS UK Insulin Guide]
-*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1687043/?page=1 Insulin therapy for dogs and cats-Dowling-Canadian Veterinary Journal-September 1995]
+*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1687043/?page=1 Insulin therapy for dogs and cats] Dowling, Patricia, September 1995, Canadian Veterinary Journal<br>A discussion of regular/neutral/normal insulins.
+{|align="center" width="650"
-A discussion of regular/neutral/normal insulins.
+!||||Related Pages||
+|-
+|[[Image:A1833110.jpg|120px]]
+|[[Image:HumilinLILLY.jpg|120px]]
+|[[Image:Rtap.gif|120px]]
+|[[Image:DSC02818.jpg|120px]]
+|[[Image:Actrapid.jpg|120px]]
+|-
+|<center>[[Novolin R]]</center>
+|<center>[[Humulin R]]</center>
+|<center>[[Winthrop Rapid]]</center>
+|<center>[[Insuman Rapid]]</center>
+|<center>[[Actrapid]]</center>
+|}
+[[Category:GE R]]
 [[Category:Insulins]]
 [[Category:short-acting]]
@@ Line 104: / Line 129: @@
 [[Category:Meta-cresol]]
 [[Category:Content]]
+[[Category:Currently marketed insulins]]