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Novo Nordisk's brand of fast-acting insulin <ref>{{cite web|url=http://emc.medicines.org.uk/medicine/15204/XPIL/Actrapid/ |title=Patient Information Leaflet-Actrapid|publisher=Novo Nordisk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Scientific_Discussion/human/000424/WC500021655.pdf |title=Scientific Discussion-Actrapid|publisher=EMEA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084240/www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Novo_insulins.htm |title=Prescribing Novo Insulins}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://images1.wikia.nocookie.net/diabetesindogs/images/8/8d/Inshvialcmi6.pdf |title=Actrapid Information|publisher=Novo Nordisk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://medguides.medicines.org.uk/document.aspx?name=Actrapid&use=Diabetes&preparation=1&section=full |title=Actrapid|publisher=Medguides UK}}</ref>, known as [[Novolin R]] in North America <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.revolutionhealth.com/drugs-treatments/novolin-r |title=Novolin R|publisher=Revolution Health}}</ref>.
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Novo Nordisk's brand of fast-acting insulin, <ref>{{cite web|url=http://emc.medicines.org.uk/medicine/15204/XPIL/Actrapid/ |title=Patient Information Leaflet-Actrapid|publisher=Novo Nordisk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Scientific_Discussion/human/000424/WC500021655.pdf |title=Scientific Discussion-Actrapid|publisher=EMEA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084240/www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Novo_insulins.htm |title=Prescribing Novo Insulins}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://images1.wikia.nocookie.net/diabetesindogs/images/8/8d/Inshvialcmi6.pdf |title=Actrapid Information|publisher=Novo Nordisk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://medguides.medicines.org.uk/document.aspx?name=Actrapid&use=Diabetes&preparation=1&section=full |title=Actrapid|publisher=Medguides UK}}</ref> known as [[Novolin R]] in North America. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.revolutionhealth.com/drugs-treatments/novolin-r |title=Novolin R|publisher=Revolution Health}}</ref>
   
 
Comparable insulins made by others are: [[Huminsulin Normal]], [[Humulin R]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.revolutionhealth.com/drugs-treatments/humulin-r |title=Humulin R Regular Human Insulin|publisher=Revolution Health}}</ref> and [[Humulin S]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://emc.medicines.org.uk/medicine/13402/XPIL/Humulin+S+100IU+ml+solution+for+injection+in+vial/ |title=Patient Information Leaflet-Humulin S|publisher=Eli Lilly}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084230/www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Humulin_S.htm |title=Humulin S Prescribing Information}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yorkshirediabetes.com/downloads/1071_LLY_Diabetes_RangeChar.pdf |title=Lilly EU/UK Product Sheet & Time Activity Profiles|publisher=Eli Lilly}}</ref> by [[Eli Lilly]], and [[Insuman Rapid]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/diabetesindogs/images/8/82/Insuman_Rapid_patient_info_leaflet.pdf |title=Patient Information Leaflet-InsumanRapid|publisher=Sanofi-Aventis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084235/www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Insuman_insulins.htm |title=Prescribing Insuman Insulins}}</ref> and [[Winthrop Rapid]], both by [[Aventis]].
  
Comparable insulins made by others are: [[Huminsulin Normal]], [[Humulin R]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.revolutionhealth.com/drugs-treatments/humulin-r |title=Humulin R Regular Human Insulin|publisher=Revolution Health}}</ref> and [[Humulin S]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://emc.medicines.org.uk/medicine/13402/XPIL/Humulin+S+100IU+ml+solution+for+injection+in+vial/ |title=Patient Information Leaflet-Humulin S|publisher=Eli Lilly}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084230/www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Humulin_S.htm |title=Humulin S Prescribing Information}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yorkshirediabetes.com/downloads/1071_LLY_Diabetes_RangeChar.pdf |title=Lilly EU/UK Product Sheet & Time Activity Profiles|publisher=Eli Lilly}}</ref> by [[Eli Lilly]], and [[Insuman Rapid]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/diabetesindogs/images/8/82/Insuman_Rapid_patient_info_leaflet.pdf |title=Patient Information Leaflet-InsumanRapid|publisher=Sanofi-Aventis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208084235/www.drgc.cwc.net/Care_pathway/Patient_information/Insulin/Insuman_insulins.htm |title=Prescribing Insuman Insulins}}</ref> and [[Winthrop Rapid]], both by [[Aventis]].
   
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A [[short-acting]], soluble, non-suspended insulin produced from [[r-DNA/GE/GM]], [[bovine]], or [[porcine]] sources. Like all R or [[neutral]] insulins, nothing is added (suspensions) to alter the insulin's action or speed <ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20061010214428/http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2003/18780scm078,slr067_Humalog_lbl.pd|publisher=Eli Lilly|title=Humulin R}}</ref> From 1921 to the 1930's when PZI was developed, R was the only kind of insulin available.
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A [[short-acting]], soluble, non-suspended insulin produced from [[r-DNA/GE/GM]], [[bovine]], or [[porcine]] sources. Like all R or [[neutral]] insulins, nothing is added (suspensions) to alter the insulin's action or speed. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20061010214428/http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2003/18780scm078,slr067_Humalog_lbl.pd|publisher=Eli Lilly|title=Humulin R}}</ref> From 1921 to the 1930's when PZI was developed, R was the only kind of insulin available.
   
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While both R/neutral and [[semilente]] insulins are considered [[:Category:Fast-acting|fast-acting]], they differ in a few ways. As above, there's no [[suspension]] or buffer <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> in R/neutral; it's totally dissolved and [[soluble]], meaning it can safely be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_YES|intravenously]].
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While both R/neutral and [[semilente]] insulins are considered [[:Category:Fast-acting|fast-acting]], they differ in a few ways. As above, there's no [[suspension]] or buffer <ref name=Auburn>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> in R/neutral; it's totally dissolved and [[soluble]], meaning it can safely be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_YES|intravenously]]. <ref>{{cite web|title=Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology|author=Maddison, Jill E.,Page, Stephen W.,Church, David B.|year=2008|publisher=Saunders Ltd.|isbn=0702028584|page=510|url=http://www.amazon.com/Animal-Clinical-Pharmacology-Maddison-DipVetClinStud/dp/0702028584/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1296451134&sr=1-1}}</ref>
   
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The very small insulin particles in semilente insulin are suspended by [[Suspension#Zinc_suspension_insulins|zinc]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref>. Semilente is [[cloudy]], has an acetate buffer and cannot be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_NO|intravenously]].
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The very small insulin particles in semilente insulin are suspended by [[Suspension#Zinc_suspension_insulins|zinc]]. <ref name=Auburn>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref> Semilente is [[cloudy]], has an acetate buffer and cannot be used [[:Category:Intravenous_use_NO|intravenously]].
   
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R/Neutral insulin cannot be reliably mixed with [[Lente]] or [[Ultralente]] insulins <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?itool=abstractplus&db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=abstractplus&list_uids=7192205 |title=Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente |year=1980|publisher=Diabetes Care}}<br>Note--in 1980, there was only [[bovine|beef]] Lente-type insulin--no [[porcine|pork]] or [[r-DNA/GE/GM]][[Lente]] insulins </ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080526072116/http://www.diabetes.org/rg2005/insulin.jsp |title=Resource Guide |year=2005|publisher=American Diabetes Association}}</ref>. Semilente can; the ratio of 3 parts [[semilente]] insulin to 7 parts [[ultralente]] insulin produces [[Lente]] insulin <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref>.
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R/Neutral insulin cannot be reliably mixed with [[Lente]] or [[Ultralente]] insulins. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?itool=abstractplus&db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=abstractplus&list_uids=7192205 |title=Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente |year=1980|publisher=Diabetes Care}}<br>Note--in 1980, there were no [[r-DNA/GE/GM]] insulins </ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080526072116/http://www.diabetes.org/rg2005/insulin.jsp |title=Resource Guide |year=2005|publisher=American Diabetes Association}}</ref> Semilente can; the ratio of 3 parts [[semilente]] insulin to 7 parts [[ultralente]] insulin produces [[Lente]] insulin. <ref name=Auburn>{{cite web|url=http://www.duc.auburn.edu/~deruija/insulin_preparations.pdf |title=Insulin Preparations-Lente Insulin|author=DeRuiter, Jack|publisher=Auburn University}}</ref>
   
 
==R/Neutral Insulins==
  
==R/Neutral Insulins==
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==References==
  
==References==
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{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
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<references/>
  
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*[http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20100821055615/diabetesindogs/images/0/0a/NACDS_insulin_chart.pdf NACDS-Insulin Chart-Page 2]
  
*[http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20100821055615/diabetesindogs/images/0/0a/NACDS_insulin_chart.pdf NACDS-Insulin Chart-Page 2]
 
*[http://www.leedsth.nhs.uk/sites/diabetes/insular/InsulinGuide.php Leeds NHS UK-Insulin Guide]
  
*[http://www.leedsth.nhs.uk/sites/diabetes/insular/InsulinGuide.php Leeds NHS UK-Insulin Guide]
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*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1687043/?page=1 Insulin therapy for dogs and cats] Dowling, Patricia, Canadian Veterinary Journal, September 1995
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*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1687043/?page=1 Insulin therapy for dogs and cats] Dowling, Patricia, Canadian Veterinary Journal, September 1995<br>A discussion of regular/neutral/normal insulins.
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A discussion of regular/neutral/normal insulins.
  
   
 
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Latest revision as of 23:26, 23 May 2012

Actrapid
R, Neutral by Novo Nordisk
short-acting
r-DNA/GE/GM
U40, U100 none
Action in dogs:
  • onset 10-30 minutes,
  • peak 1-5h,
  • duration 4-10h [1]
Line: Novo
Also known as: Novolin R, ReliOn/Novolin R
Similar to: Huminsulin Normal, Humulin C
Humulin R, Humuline R, Humulin Regular
Humulina Regular, Humuline Regular, Humulin S
Humulin ReliOn R, Umuline Rapide
Umuline Regular, Insuman Rapid, Winthrop Rapid

Names of Lilly r-DNA/GE/GM insulins worldwide
Use and Handling:
Shelf Life: 30 months Type: soluble, clear
When Opened: 6 weeks room temp.
In Pen: 6 weeks room temp.
Notes: Protect from light and heat
Do Not Freeze,
May be used intravenously
Actrapid

Actrapid in 10 ml vial and 3 ml pen cartridge.


Note that some countries have the brand name in U40 strength.

Novo Nordisk's brand of fast-acting insulin, [2][3][4][5][6] known as Novolin R in North America. [7]

Comparable insulins made by others are: Huminsulin Normal, Humulin R [8] and Humulin S [9][10][11] by Eli Lilly, and Insuman Rapid [12][13] and Winthrop Rapid, both by Aventis.

A short-acting, soluble, non-suspended insulin produced from r-DNA/GE/GM, bovine, or porcine sources. Like all R or neutral insulins, nothing is added (suspensions) to alter the insulin's action or speed. [14] From 1921 to the 1930's when PZI was developed, R was the only kind of insulin available.

While both R/neutral and semilente insulins are considered fast-acting, they differ in a few ways. As above, there's no suspension or buffer [15] in R/neutral; it's totally dissolved and soluble, meaning it can safely be used intravenously. [16]

The very small insulin particles in semilente insulin are suspended by zinc. [15] Semilente is cloudy, has an acetate buffer and cannot be used intravenously.

R/Neutral insulin cannot be reliably mixed with Lente or Ultralente insulins. [17][18] Semilente can; the ratio of 3 parts semilente insulin to 7 parts ultralente insulin produces Lente insulin. [15]

R/Neutral Insulins[]

References[]

  1. ↑ Insulins. North American Veterinary Conference Clinicians Brief (2006).
  2. ↑ Patient Information Leaflet-Actrapid. Novo Nordisk.
  3. ↑ Scientific Discussion-Actrapid. EMEA.
  4. ↑ Prescribing Novo Insulins.
  5. ↑ Actrapid Information. Novo Nordisk.
  6. ↑ Actrapid. Medguides UK.
  7. ↑ Novolin R. Revolution Health.
  8. ↑ Humulin R Regular Human Insulin. Revolution Health.
  9. ↑ Patient Information Leaflet-Humulin S. Eli Lilly.
  10. ↑ Humulin S Prescribing Information.
  11. ↑ Lilly EU/UK Product Sheet & Time Activity Profiles. Eli Lilly.
  12. ↑ Patient Information Leaflet-InsumanRapid. Sanofi-Aventis.
  13. ↑ Prescribing Insuman Insulins.
  14. ↑ Humulin R. Eli Lilly.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 DeRuiter, Jack. Insulin Preparations-Regular Insulin. Auburn University. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Auburn" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Auburn" defined multiple times with different content
  16. ↑ Maddison, Jill E.,Page, Stephen W.,Church, David B. (2008). Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology. Saunders Ltd..
  17. ↑ Intermediate-Acting Insulin Preparations: NPH (Isophane) & Lente. Diabetes Care (1980).
    Note--in 1980, there were no r-DNA/GE/GM insulins
  18. ↑ Resource Guide. American Diabetes Association (2005).


More Information[]

Related Pages
Rtap HumilinLILLY 21944f Rtap DSC02818
Humulin ReliOn R
Humulin R
Humulin S
Winthrop Rapid
Insuman Rapid
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